Physics module

1. Scalar and vector physical quantities.
2. Mechanics: Kinematics; Newton’s Laws; Forces and motion equations; Rectilinear and circular motion.
3. Work and energy. Conservation of energy. Power. Energy yield.
4. Wave phenomena: Oscillatory motion. Wave equation. Transverse and longitudinal waves. Stationary and progressive waves. Sound waves and acoustics.

Chemistry module

1. Introduction to chemistry. Nature of substances, composition of matter, chemical structure of environmental contaminants.
2. Chemical reactions. Acid-base, oxidation-reduction, and precipitation reactions. Chemical reaction energy. Chemical equilibrium: acidbase and solubility. Basics of Electrochemistry.

1. Fundamentals of sustainability (concepts, dimensions, principles and indicators of sustainable development; 2030 Agenda and
   Sustainable Development Goals; environment and natural resources; global environmental challenges).
2. Sustainability in cities (Challenges of urbanization and population growth; smart, inclusive and sustainable cities; sustainable mobility;
   urban planning and green urbanism; Urban resilience; urban sustainability policies).
3. Sustainability in industries (Sustainability challenges in industries; Industrial ecology, circular economy and life cycle assessment;
   environmental management, environmental certifications and social responsibility; Renewable energies and decarbonization; sustainability
   in the context of the digital transformation of industry).
4. Case studies and projects (successful cases in urban and industrial sustainability).

1. English as a lingua franca. Attitudes towards English. Expressions to convey linguistic and learning necessities. Brief notions of the characteristics that have led English to become a global language.
   2.Informal Conversation: Taking part in conversations about people, places and other topics; description of personal and professional profiles; identification of cultural differences.
   3.Contacts: Starting and keeping conversations about topics related to the professional context via telephone, email or face to face… Describing people and exchanging information.
   4.Meetings: Expressions to set up and organize meetings, make decisions, solve problems, present suggestions and lead meetings. Official register of information. Checking and clarifying facts and figures.
   5.Negotiating relationships: Expression of formality and informality. Expression of likes and dislikes about travelling on business. Discussing attitudes about meetings and cultural behaviours in different countries.

1. Direito, cidades e território
   1.1. Conceitos introdutórios de Direito: noções, fontes, ramos do Direito. (O1 e 02)
   1.2. Direito do Urbanismo, Direito do Ordenamento do Território e Direito do Ambiente: entre a legislação e a prática.(O2)
   1.3. A Lei de Bases Gerais de Política Pública de Solos, de Ordenamento do Território e de Urbanismo. (O2 e O4)
   1.4. RAN e REN. (O1, O2 e O4)
   1.5. Expropriações, servidões administrativas e restrições de utilidade pública (O3 e O4).
2. Direito, inovação e planeamento do território.
   2.1. Introdução à Propriedade Intelectual e Inovação Sustentável. (O5 e O6)
   2.2. Incentivos legais para a transição tecnológica (O6)
   2.3. Inteligência Artificial e sustentabilidade: aspetos jurídicos (O7, O8 e O9)

1. Differential Calculus in IR
   1.1 Transcendental functions
   1.2 Concept of the derivative, differentiation rules, derivative of composite and inverse functions
   1.3 Higher-order derivatives
   1.4 Applications of the derivative
2. Integral Calculus in IR
   2.1 Basic integration techniques: direct, by parts, substitution, and integration of rational fractions
   2.2 Definite integral and properties
   2.3 Applications of the integral
3. Functions of Two or More Variables
   3.1 Definition, domain, level curves, and graphical representation
   3.2 Partial derivatives and directional derivatives
   3.3 Unconstrained extrema
4. Foundations of Linear Algebra
   4.1 Vectors in IR^3
   4.2 Matrices and systems of linear equations
   4.3 Determinants

1. Economic science and the economic problem.
2. Demand, supply and market equilibrium. Price elasticity of demand, price elasticity of supply, income elasticity of demand and cross
   elasticity.
3. State intervention in the economy
   a. Intervention for reasons of efficiency, stabilization and equity.
   b. Negative externalities and Pigouvian taxes.
4. Sustainability and international competition: opportunities and challenges.
5. Economic and social indicators.
   a. GDP from the expenditure, production and income approach.
   b. Inflation rates.
   c. Economic growth: nominal and real growth rates.
   d. International Trade and Balance of Payments.
   e. Average labor productivity.
   f. Employment and unemployment statistics.
   g. Growth versus development. Criticism of GDP and alternative development indicators.
   h. Indicators of regional productive specialization.
   i. Regional asymmetries and regional convergence.

1. Introduction to computation and programming.
2. Basic stages to develop programs.
3. Introduction the language Python.
4. Data types in Python.
5. Control structures.
6. Data structures.
7. Python modules.
8. Files.
9. Graphics.

1. Probability distributions
   1.1 Random variable definition
   1.2 Discrete random variables
   1.3 Continuous random variables
   1.4 Discrete probability distributions (Bernoulli trials, binomial and Poisson)
   1.5 Continuous probability distributions (uniform, exponential, normal)
2. Summary data analysis
   2.1 Preparation of a data set
   2.2 Frequencies distribution tables
   2.3 Numerical summaries (central and not central tendency, dispersion, skewness and outliers)
   2.4 Graphical representation
3. Statistical Inference
   3.1 Point and interval estimation
   3.2 Confidence intervals
   3.3 Hypothesis testing
4. Bivariate analysis
   4.1 Contingency tables
   4.2 Linear Regression

1. Concept of management
2. Characteristics of organizations
3. The organizational environment and sustainability
4. Planning
5. Decision-making
6. Organizing
7. Leadership
8. Control
9. Management of non-profit organizations
10. Trends in Organizational Management

• Definition of energy and energy quality;
• Specificities of renewable energy sources and their attributes;
• Solar energy, solar thermal and photovoltaic systems;
• Horizontal and vertical axis wind energy with onshore and offshore applications;
• Hydropower from reservoirs (with and without pumping) and run-of-river;
• Other endogenous utilisation technologies for electricity production;
• Energy storage systems due to intermittent production;
• Advanced economic evaluation of renewable systems.

1. Cartographic Information, Coordinates, Georeferencing Systems.
2. Introduction to Computer Graphic Science: concepts, evolution and application domains, input / output entities 2D and 3D;
3. GIS Relational Database Structure.
4. 2D Geographic information systems data models: vector data model, raster data model.
5. Spatial analysis using vector data sources and raster data sources.
6. 3D modeling using 3D GIS tools (development and manipulation of 3D models, technical exchange of files);
7. Integration methods and exploration of BIM models with 3D GIS in a geospatial context applied to Urban and Territorial planning
8. Development of GIS applications to support city management activities, studies and projects

1. A célula. Classificação e estruturas celulares.
2. Metabolismo energético.
   2.1. Anabolismo e catabolismo. Enzimas e transportadores.
   2.2. Fixação de N2, quimiossíntese, fotossíntese anoxigénica e oxigénica.
   2.3. Fermentação, respiração anaeróbia e aeróbia.
   2.4. Biossíntese e utilização de reservas energéticas.
3. Bases da genética, biossíntese de ácidos nucleicos e proteínas.
4. Bases da ecologia.
   4.1. Crescimento e dinâmica populacional. Fatores ambientais abióticos e bióticos.
   4.2. Produtores, consumidores e decompositores. Ciclos biogeoquímicos.
   4.3. Ecossistemas aquáticos.
   4.4. Solos.
   4.5. Ambientes extremos.

1. Urban Mobility: Introduction
2. Mobility Plans: Diagnosis, scenario building, objectives, and strategies
3. Operational Management: Intersections, traffic calming, parking
4. Types of Transportation Modes
5. Characterization and Diagnosis of Transportation Systems and Territory
6. Transportation Systems and Urban Logistics: Transportation planning tools
7. Transportation and Energy: Environmental, economic, and social impacts
8. Characterization of Supply and Demand for Sustainable Transport Modes
9. Integrated Assessment of Energy Consumption in Transportation; Consumption by Different Transport Modes

1. Hydrological cycle: Analysis of hydrological processes; distribution of water resources and factors affecting their availability; current challenges in the water sector;
2. River basins: Concept and characterisation; calculation of the water balance; analysis of hydrological series; study of extreme events;
3. Modelling: hydrological and water quality modelling tools; flood forecasting and planning;
4. Water efficiency: efficient water management: water reuse, irrigation techniques, loss reduction, water use efficiency technologies, monitoring systems. Smart cities and water;
5. Water quality: Indicators. Physical and chemical parameters. Bio-indicator organisms. Water quality indices. Quality criteria and standards for different water uses, national and EU legislation;
6. Planning and management of water resources: governance; planning and management system; transboundary water resources.

1.Introduction to artificial intelligence

• History and state of the art

2. Machine learning

• Types of learning
• Learning problems
• Basic concepts
• Model evaluation
• Tools: Scikit learn, Keras

3. Supervised learning

• Linear regression
• Logistic regression
• Naïve Bayes
• Decision trees and random forests
• Support vector machines
• k-nearest neighbours
• Neural networks

4. Unsupervised learning

• Cluster analysis
• Association rules

5. Applications in sustainability and case studies

• Environmental monitoring and analysis
• Energy consumption monitoring and optimisation
• Waste management
• Sustainable transport
• Industrial automation
• Predictive maintenance
• Quality control
• Sustainable agriculture

6. Ethical and social challenges

• Bias
• Interpretability
• Privacy and security

I – Fundamental Concepts
1 A Planning System (O1, O2)
2 History of Urbanism (O1, O2)
3 Land Management Instruments (O1, O2)
4 Characterization of Reality (O1, O2)
4.1 Models (O1, O2)
4.2 Indicators (O1, O2)
II – Specific Techniques
1 Demographic Analysis (O2, O3, O4, O5)
1.1Description of Population (O2, O3, O4, O5)
1.2. Demographic Projection (O2, O3,O5)
2.Urban Analysis (O2, O3, O4, O5)
2.1. Planning of Equipment (O2, O3, O4, O5)
2.2. Technical Standards of Accessibility and Urban Design (O2, O3, O4, O5)

1. Fundamentals of air quality
2. Atmospheric emission inventories, industrial emissions and applicable legislation
3. Monitoring and evaluation of outdoor and indoor air quality
4. Air quality maps and plans
5. Air quality control and management strategies
6. Fundamentals of noise
7. Measurement and evaluation of environment and occupational noise
8. Noise maps and plans
9. Noise control and management strategies

The optional elective curricular units must be selected from among the curricular units offered across all ESTG degree programmes and made available for this purpose, under the guidance of the higher education institution.

1. Circular economy concept, evolution and context
2. The relationship between the circular economy, sustainability and the SDGs
3. Circular models and strategies:
   3.1 . C2C ‘Cradle to Cradle’ and biological and technical cycles
   3.2 Technological innovations, eco-design, biomimicry
   3.3 Industrial symbioses
4. Circular business models
5. Circular Economy methodologies, tools and indicators
6. Policies and regulations (Legal framework for CE and priority sectors: European strategy and CEAP)

1. Evolution and expansion of sustainability reporting, non-financial reporting, integrated reporting.
2. Standards, diplomas and guidelines for sustainability reporting – national, European and international context.
3. Importance and structure of sustainability reports: GRI standards, EFRAG and IFRS standards and ESG reports.
4. Environmental, social and economic performance indicators: how to measure the efficiency and impact of sustainability projects/actions.
5. Analysing sustainable investment strategies.
6. Case studies of companies and cities that use sustainability reports as part of their communication and transparency strategy

• Energy outlook and decarbonization Policies.
• Energy supply chain and Energy markets ;
• Energy balances;
• Demand-side electrification strategies;
• New trends in energy technologies;
• Electrical energy tariffs;
• Demand-side energy flexibility;
• Energy Efficiency and Energy Services;
• Digitalization and smart technologies.

1. Introduction to data modeling
   • Operational and analytical systems
   • Relational model
   • Dimensional model
2. Data collection, processing and integration
   • Data Sources
   • Structured, unstructured and semi-structured data
   • Data extraction, cleaning, transformation and integration
3. Data visualization and storytelling
   • Chart types, functions and selection factors
   • Identify and implement Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)
   • Construction of interactive dashboards and scoreboards
   • Presentation, communication and storytelling
4. Multivariate Data Analysis
   • Normal Distribution
   • Variance analysis
5. Factor Analysis
   • Models
   • Principal Components Method
   • Factor rotation
   • Model quality assessment
   • Variable Reduction in Linear Regression
   • Internal consistency
6. Time Series
   • Definition and components
   • Stationarity, autocorrelation and partial autocorrelation
   • Forecasting and precision measurements
   • Decomposition into components
   • Stationary models
   • Non-stationary models

1. Fundamentals of climatology: The climate system, weather and climate; Radiation balance and greenhouse effect; Clouds and fog; Atmospheric circulation, air masses, fronts and extreme weather; Meteorological elements, meteorological observation, meteorological charts and climatological normals; Planetary boundary layer and urban microclimate; Classification of climates.
2. Fundamentals of climate change: Natural climate variability and climate change; Basic science and impacts; Climate models and projections.
3. Adaptation to climate change: Difference between climate mitigation and adaptation; Scientific principles of climate adaptation and vulnerability assessment; Policies for mitigation and adaptation to climate change; Climate change adaptation tools; Adaptation strategies in cities and industry.
4. Case studies and examples of successful climate adaptation of cities and industry.

The optional elective curricular units must be selected from among the curricular units offered across all ESTG degree programmes and made available for this purpose, under the guidance of the higher education institution.

1. Introduction to Risk Analysis: Fundamental concepts – risk, hazard, vulnerability. Classification of risks.
2. Environmental Risk Assessment Methodologies: Qualitative and quantitative analysis with risk management models. Use of GIS tools for risk mapping and management.
3. Urban Risks: Geotechnical risks (landslides, settlements, liquefaction, erosion, soil cracking, inadequate permeability); earthquakes; air pollution; floods; heatwaves; fires.
4. Industrial Risks: Pollution incidents; chemical accidents; explosions and releases of hazardous materials. Evacuation plans.
5. Principles of Prevention and Mitigation: Approaches for sustainable management systems and risk prevention.
6. Practical Case Studies: Analysis of risk management in cities and industries.

1. Strategy for water management: Prevention, Treatment, Reuse. Integrated systems.
2. Criteria for the design of treatment systems. Typical sequences in WTP and WWTP.
3. Physical and chemical treatments: Basis and application. Influence of process variables. Equipment. Data analysis and interpretation.
   3.1. Pre-treatments: Screening/microscreening, Solids reduction, Grit removal, Flotation, Equalization
   3.2. Coagulation & flocculation, Sedimentation, Filtration
   3.5. Disinfection
4. Biological treatments: Biochemical environment and design. Basis and application. Influence of process variables. Equipment. Data analysis and interpretation.
   4.1. Activated sludge and Lagoons
   4.2. Trickling filter and RBC
5. Sludge treatment: Thickening, Conditioning, Stabilization, Dehydration and Final disposal.
6. Introduction to advanced treatment technologies: Reverse osmosis, Membranes, Oxidation, Electrolysis. Application and relevance in the circular economy.

1. Water Supply Networks
2. Sewage Drainage Networks
3. Stormwater Drainage Networks
4. Gas distribution networks
5. Management of distribution networks
6. Electricity and Telecommunications Networks (ITUR)
7. Monitoring and management systems

1. Introduction to Sustainable Marketing: definition, importance, and opportunities and challenges in city and industry management
2. Sustainable Marketing Strategy and Plan
3. Consumer Behavior and Sustainability: attitudes and behaviors, motivations and barriers, and the role of certifications and eco-labels
4. Segmentation, Target Audiences, and Positioning Based on Sustainable Practices
5. Sustainable Marketing Strategies
   5.1. Development of sustainable products and services
   5.2. Sustainable pricing and value: cost, benefit, and perceived value analysis
   5.3. Sustainable distribution channels and logistics
   5.4. ethical communication and advertising: transparent practices and anti-greenwashing
   5.5. The role of social media and Influencer Marketing in promoting sustainability
   5.6. Storytelling and content marketing strategies for sustainability
6. Sustainable Impact Metrics and Evaluation

1. Introduction to Management and Certification Systems: Fundamental concepts: what manag. and certification systems are, importance of management systems for urban and industrial sustainability and main certification standards, procedures and benefits.
2. Environmental Management System (EMS): Introduction to the EMS, structure and requirements of the ISO 14001 standard and implementation of an EMS.
3. Quality Management System: Fundamentals of the ISO 9001 standard and its application in quality management, PDCA cycle in the context of quality and integration of quality management with sustainability.
4. Other Standards and Integrated Management Systems: Occupational health and safety management (ISO 45001), social responsibility (SA8000 and ISO 26000), certifications of sustainable products and services and integration of management systems
5. Management Systems Audits: Types of Audits and manag. systems audit methodologies
6. Case Studies and Practical Implementation

The optional elective curricular units must be selected from among the curricular units offered across all ESTG degree programmes and made available for this purpose, under the guidance of the higher education institution.

1. Introduction to Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) as a management tool for environmental policy and its importance for sustainability;
2. EIA as a regulatory instrument: National and EU requirements, along with international principles guiding EIA;
3. EIA process: Key phases and activities, discussing Environmental Impact Studies and the role of EIA across project stages—planning, design, construction, operation, and decommissioning, with relevant case studies;
4. Sector-specific environmental impacts: Principles and methods for identifying, predicting, evaluating, and mitigating impacts, considering scale and scope;
5. Monitoring and Post-Evaluation: The role of monitoring in EIA and its implications;
6. Public Participation in EIA: Concepts, goals, and techniques;
7. Strategic Environmental Assessment of policies, plans, and programs: Concepts, potential, and limitations.

1. Entrepreneurship and entrepreneurs
2. Opportunities, ideas and Innovation
   2.1. Trends and Opportunities
   2.2. Creativity of Idea Sources
   2.3. Testing ideas
   2.4. Presentation of Ideas
   2.5. Intellectual Property
3. From idea to business model
4. Sources of financing, Investment and Financial aspects of the entrepreneurial project

1. Waste management (WM): National and EC legislation. Principles of WM. Functional elements of a WM system. Strategic management
   and circular economy. Integrated management and economy of scale. MSW management in Portugal.
2. Solid waste characterization: Origin, Composition, Classification and Properties.
3. Collection and Transport: Equipment, Collection and Transport Systems, Transfer Stations.
4. Separation and processing techniques (size reduction and compaction). Material recovery facilities.
5. Material valorization: Material streams and Special waste flows. Specific Management Entities. Management strategies.
6. Organic valorization: Composting and Anaerobic Digestion. Fundamentals, stages of the process and operational variables. Equipment
   and techniques.
7. Energy recovery: Incineration. Fundamentals, stages of the process and operational variables. Equipment. Other processes: Gasification
   and Pyrolysis.
8. Landfills: Planning, conceptualization and operation.

1. Sustainable materials
2. Definition and importance of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)
3. LCA methodology
   3.1 Defining the objective and scope
   3.2 Life Cycle Inventory
   3.3 Life Cycle Impact Assessment
   3.4 Interpretation: completeness check, consistency analysis, sensitivity analysis, uncertainty analysis
4. Modelling and multi-functional systems
5. Tools for LCA (software and databases) and standardization of procedures

Internship

Development of internships that meet the following characteristics:

• Set up a situation or problem within the scope of Sustainable Management of Cities and Industry;
• Involve the application of knowledge and skills in the field of Sustainable Management of Cities and Industry;
• Provide the deepening of knowledge and skills in Sustainable Management of Cities and Industry;
• Present a strong practical component in Sustainable Management of Cities and Industry;
• Promote the application of computer tools in data processing and information collection;
• Include a clear individual work component, without prejudice to integration into a work team;
• Provide a good experience of integration in the labor market and familiarization with the business environment.

Project

Development of projects that meet the following characteristics:

• Set up a situation or problem within the scope of Sustainable Management of Cities and Industry;
• Involve the application of knowledge and skills in the field of Sustainable Management of Cities and Industry;
• Provide the deepening of knowledge and skills in Sustainable Management of Cities and Industry;
• Present a strong practical component in Sustainable Management of Cities and Industry, integrated in R&D projects ongoing in research
  units of IPL or in external companies/institutions;
• Promote the application of computer tools in data processing and information collection;
• Include a clear individual work component, without prejudice to integration into a work team.