Title I – Approaching the concept of law

1. Concept and fundamental problems of Law
   1.1. Concept of Law: the social nature of Man; ubi societas, ibi ius
   1.2. Law and other normative orders
   1.3. Other meanings of the expression “law”: Law and Right; Natural Law and Positive Law
   1.4. Law and State
   1.5. The goals of Law
2. Elements of the Law’s concept
   2.1. Legal System
   2.2. Legal Norm
   2.3. Coercive Protection
   Title II – Sources of law
3. Enunciation and classification
4. Legislation
5. Other sources: customs, case-law and doctrine
   Title III – Legal relationship
6. Introduction
7. Subjects
8. Object
9. Fact
10. Guarantee
    Title IV – Branches of the law
11. General considerations
12. Classification of Private Law
13. Classification of Public Law
    Title V – Law interpretation and enforcement
14. Law interpretation
15. Law integration
16. Law enforcement in time and in space

I – Constitution, Constitutionalism and Constitutional Law.

1. Constitution’s concept, structure and function. The place of the Constitution in our legal system.
2. Constitutional power and founding pact/agreement.
3. Constitutional Law Science.
   II – Constitutional Memory.
4. Constitutionalism History.
5. The Portuguese Constitutionalism.
   III – The in force Constitutional Law: The Constitution of the Portuguese Republic (1976).
6. Genesis and evolution of the CPR: general ideas.
7. The structural (fundamental) principles. Constitutionalism and normative force of the Constitution. a) Principle of human dignity b)
   Principle of the rule of law and the separation of powers c) Principle od proporcionality d) Principle of equality.
8. Fundamental Rights.
9. Organising-functional structures (political power organization).
10. Law sources and normative structures.
    6.Guaranty and control of the Constitution
11. Constitutional Revision.

1. Language, ideology and power – social representation of reality:
   1.1 Discourse as social practice
   1.2 Speech, common sense and ideology
   1.3 The construction of subject positions in legal language
2. The legal text:
   2.1. The latinisms and specific vocabulary
   2.2. Lexicogrammatical issues
3. The interpretation of the legal text:
   3.1. Legal language
   3.2. The scientific legal language
   3.3. The judicial language
   3.4. The common legal language.
4. The textual genre: systemic perspective. Schematic structure. Gender and context. The schematic structure and linguistic
   correctness in genres used predominantly in the area of legal sciences
   4.1. initial petitions
   4.2. requirements
   4.3. minutes and meeting notices
   4.4. other legal documents
5. The arguments in the legal context
6. Formal Aspects of oral and written communication

Chapter 1 – Fundamental Accounting Knowledge
Chapter 2 – Financial Statements and Accountability. Accounting and the Código das Sociedades Comerciais
Chapter 3 – Accounting and tax law: basic concepts of IRC, IRS and VAT
Chapter 4 – Classe 1: Cash and bank deposits
Chapter 5 – Payables and Receivables
Chapter 6 – Inventories
Chapter 7 – Tangible and Intangible Assets
Chapter 8 – Income and Expenses
Chapter 9 — Mischievous Practices in Corporate Operations

I. Introduction

1. Public Administration
2. Administrative Law
   II. Administrative Organisation
3. The constitutional principles regarding administrative organisation 2. State Central Administration
4. Field Administration
5. Indirect State Administration
6. Autonomous Administration
   III. General Theory of Administrative Organisation

The student can choose any 1st cycle curricular unit.

1. English as a lingua franca. Attitudes towards English. Expressions to convey linguistic and learning necessities. Brief notions of the characteristics that have led English to become a global language.
2. Conversation: Taking part in conversations about people, places and other topics; description of personal and professional profiles; identification of cultural differences.
3. Contacts: Starting and keeping conversations about topics related to the professional context via telephone, email or face to face… Describing people and exchanging information.
4. Meetings: Expressions to set up and organize meetings, make decisions, solve problems, present suggestions and lead meetings. Official register of information. Checking and clarifying facts and figures. 5. Negotiating relationships: Expression of formality and informality. Expression of likes and dislikes about travelling on business. Discussing attitudes about meetings and cultural behaviours in different countries.

1. Introduction
   1.1 Digital transformation and the challenges of the information society
   1.2 Fundamental rights in the digital environment
   1.3 Regulation and self-regulation
2. Data protection law
3. Law and Artificial Intelligence
4. Consumer Protection in the Digital Marketplace
   4.1 Smart Contracts
   4.2 Legal framework for electronic commerce
   4.3 Legal framework for the supply of digital content and services
5. Digital Services and Markets Law
   5.1 Legal framework for digital services (DSA)
   5.2 Legal framework for digital markets (DMA)
6. Copyright and Related Rights in the Digital Market
7. Industrial Property and Technology
8. Competition Law and Technology
9. Financial Law and Technology
10. Cybercrime

I. Introduction
II. Exercising administrative power

1. Forms of exercising administrative power
2. Administrative regulation
3. Administrative act
4. Administrative procedure
5. Validity, effectiveness and interpretation of the administrative act
6. Invalidity of the administrative act
7. Extinguishing and modification of the administrative act
8. Suspension, rectification and correction of the administrative act
9. Implementation of the administrative act
10. Administrative contract
11. Administrative material operations
    III. The third party liability of the administration
    IV. The guarantees of private entities
12. Guarantees in general
13. Political guarantees
14. Administrative guarantees
15. Litigious guarantees

Title I – Introduction.
Title II – General Theory of the Portuguese Legal System.
Chapter I – Sources of Portuguese Civil Law
Chapter II – Main Principles of Portuguese Civil Law
Title III – General Theory of the Legal Relationship
Chapter I – General Theory of the Legal Relationship. Preliminary observations
Chapter II – General Theory of the Subject of Legal Relationship
1.Introduction
2.Individuals
3.Legal Persons
Chapter III – General Theory of the Object of Legal Relationship
Chapter IV – General Theory of the Legal Fact
1.Concept and classifications of the legal fact
2.Acquisition, modification and termination of rights
3.Concept, elements and classification of legal contract
4.Formation of the legal contract
5.Content of the legal contract
6.Interpretation and integration of the legal contract
7.The will and the declaration; types of divergence between them
8.Invalidities and inefficacy
Chapter V – General Theory of the Guarantees of Legal Relationship (brief mention)

I – Introduction

1. Brief historical note
2. Consumer Law Sources
3. General Concepts
   3.1. Approach to the concept of Consumer Law
   3.2. Concept of consumer
   II – Consumer Rights and Guarantees
4. Consumer Rights (Lei de Defesa do Consumidor)
5. Judicial and extrajudicial consumer protection
   III – General Consumer Contracts
6. Form of contracts
7. Offer and acceptance
8. Price
9. Unfair commercial practices
10. Contract Content
    5.1. Unfair terms
    5.2. General contract terms
    5.3. Loyalty period6. Consumers’ right to retraction
    IV – Contractual Consumer Law in Particular
11. Sale of consumer goods
    1.1. Guarantees
    1.2. Producer responsibility
12. Off-premises contracts
13. Consumer Credit Agreement

The student can choose any 1st cycle curricular unit.

Part I – Introduction and General Principles
Part II – Forms of Process
Part III – Procedural Assumptions
Part IV – Access to law and the courts
Part V – Injunctions

1. Introduction
   1.1. Rights in rem – first approach
   1.2. Three theories about rights in rem
   1.3. Rights in rem vs obligation rights
   1.4. Major principles about rights in rem
   1.5. The object of rights in rem
   1.6. Rights in rem in Portuguese Civil Code
   1.7. Different types of rights in rem
2. Rights in rem – types, categories and particularities
   2.1. Rights in rem for usage: property; horizontal property; usufruct; usage and habitation; surface rights; easements; timesharing
   2.2. Rights in rem for guaranty: mortgage; pawn; yield consignation; special privileges; right of retention; judicial confiscation and
   garnishment
   2.3. Rights in rem for acquisition: legal / contractual right of preference and promise of acquisition
3. The ownership/tenure

PART I – INTRODUCTION

1. Simple and complex relationship of obligation
2. Structure of obligation: constituent elements
3. Civil and natural obligations
4. Civil Law asset and non-asset
   PART II – SOURCES OF OBLIGATIONS
5. Contracts
   1.1. Concept and classifications
   1.2. Fundamental principles: Private Autonomy; Contractual Freedom; Good Faith
   1.3. Adhesion contracts and unfair contract terms
   1.4. Promise Contract – regime and legal breach
   1.5. Preferably Contract
   1.6. Specially contracts (Buying and Selling; Donation; Mutual; Services; Office; Warehouse; Enterprise)
6. Unilateral legal business
7. Negotiorum getio
8. Enrichment without cause
9. Civil responsibility
   5.1. Subjective/Guilt Civil Responsibility (assumptions)
   5.2. Lens/Risk Civil Responsibility (hypothesis)
   5.3. Pre-Contractual Responsibility

1 – Notion of Family Law
2 – Sources of Family Law
3 – Notion of family – family relationships
4 – De facto union
5 – “Parafamiliares” relations
6 – Constitutional principles of Family Law
7 – Characters of Family Law
8 – Characters of the family rights
9 – Matrimonial law
10 – Dissolution of marriage relationship
11 – Judicial separation of assets
12-Separation of persons and assets
13 – Establishment of filiation
14–Parental responsibilities

1. Acts of Trade
2. Civil and Commercial Capacity
3. Responsibilities of traders
4. Special obligations of traders
   4.1. The social denomination
   4.2. The commercial register
   4.3. The commercial bookkeeping
   4.4. The assessment and accountability
5. Trademark
6. Securities – bills, notes and checks
7. Transfer of a commercial or industrial business

1. Companies
2. Civil companies
3. Commercial companies
4. Concepts related companies (cooperatives, ACE, EEIG, consortium, public companies, association, foundation)
5. Companies’ contract
6. Commercial companies. Structure and operation of all types of companies.
   

Procedural formalities
1.Common assessment procedure
I.Phase of Pleadings
II. Instruction and condensation process
III. Education Phase
IV. Stage of final hearing and judgment is delivered
V. phase of the sentence
VI. Appeal

2. Special assessment procedures
3. court fees

The student can choose any 1st cycle curricular unit.

I – Introduction
II – General Part
1) Death as a presupposition of the succession.
2) Succession opening.
3) Succession calling.
4) Heritage (hereditas jacens, acceptance and repudiation, petition, transfer, administration, liquidation and partition).
III– Special Part. Legal, Testamentary and Contractual Succession.
IV– The Inventory Process
1) The «unjudicialization» and the «rejudicialization» of Inventory process.
2) The stages of the inventory process.

1- Génese e evolução da União Europeia:
Origem e evolução histórica das Comunidades e da UE:
Os Precursores;
Ideia Europeia no Pós-Guerra;
Tratados Constitutivos;
Alargamentos e Aprofundamentos;
Tratados Adesão;
Tratados de Revisão;
Teorias de integração.
2- O Direito Institucional da União:
2.1. Instituições:
Conselho Europeu; Conselho da União Europeia; Parlamento Europeu; Comissão; Tribunal de Justiça da UE; Tribunal de Contas; Banco
Central Europeu;
2.2. Órgãos e instâncias complementares.
3- Ordenamento Jurídico da União:
3.1. Fontes
3.2. Processos de Decisão na União Europeia
3.3. Princípios estruturantes da União Europeia
4- Objetivos da União Europeia:
4.1. Objetivos constitucionais
4.2. O Ordenamento Económico da União Europeia
Livre circulação de mercadorias;
Livre circulação de pessoas;
Direito de estabelecimento e liberdade de prestação de serviços;
Livre circulação de capitais e pagamentos.
4.3. Direito da Concorrência

I. OBLIGATIONS TYPES:

1. Bound (natural and civil obligations)
2. Subjects (specified and unspecified obligations; single and plural parties: joint and solidary obligations);
3. Object (divisible and indivisible obligation; specific and generic obligations; cumulative and alternative obligations; cash
   obligations)
   II. OBLIGATIONS TRANSFERENCE
4. Credit assignment (cession and subrogation)
5. Debit assignment (debt assumption)
6. Contract assignability
   III. WARRANTIES
7. General guarantee (the debtor patrimony – judicial defence means)
8. Special guarantees (bail, guarantees on first demand, mortgage, pledge)
   IV. OBLIGATION EXTINGUISHMENT
9. Performance and payment
10. Others causes of extinguishment of obligations (accord and satisfaction; consignation; compensation; novation; remission,
    confusion)
    V. CONTRACT FAILURE
11. Modalities (default, defective performance, delay)
12. Liability requirements

1. Property contracts
   1.1. The brokerage contract
2. Real estate financing
   2.1. Mutual loans. Collaterals
   2.2. Real estate leasing
   2.3. Life insurance
3. The Horizontal Property Regime and Condominiums
   3.1. Concept, Constitution and Registration
   3.2. The Administration of the Condominium
   3.3. The Condominium Assembly
   3.4. Financial Management of the Condominium: Revenues and Charges
   3.5. Rights and Duties of Condominium Owners
   3.6. The Condominium Regulations
   3.7. Dispute resolution of and sanctioning regime
   3.8. Extinction of the Condominium
   3.9. Taxation of the Condominium
4. Lease
5. Legal Framework for Local Accommodation

I Notion of Registry Legal certainty and Security
II – Real Estate Registry Object, facts and legal procedures of RegistryActs effects and principles of Register Supply,Rectification and Reconstitution of registration Register on line;
III Commercial Register Commercial Registry object and principles Facts and actions subject to registration Effects of registration Acts and Registration process; Commercial register on line;
IV Civil Registration; Object of Civil Registration; Facts subject to registration; Effects of Registration; Private Civil registration processes; Movable Property Register (Automobiles registration);
V Car registration; Car registration on line;
VI Notary Office; Notion of Notarial Acts; Probative value of the documents with Notaries Electronic documents and Digital signature The Notarial Function Notarial acts in General; Notarial acts in particular Certification, authentication of documents and titration of acts subject to registration by attorneys and solicitors

The student can choose any 1st cycle curricular unit.

1. Introduction
2. Labour Law sources
3. The aplication of labour law
   4.The subjects of the labour relationship
4. Employment contract
5. Formation of labour contract
6. Rights, obligations and garanties of the labour contract parties
7. Retribution
8. Time working: duration and organization
   9.1. Concepts and general principles
   9.2.Limits on working hours
   9.3.Office hours
   9.4.Exemption of working hours
   9.5.Rest breaks, daily and weekly rest
   9.6.Shift work
   9.7.Night work
   9.8.Overtime work
   9.9.Public holidays
   9.10.Vacations
   9.11. Absence to work
   10.Contractual events11.Cessation of labour contract
   12.The disciplinar Procedure
   13.Illegality of dismissal and appeal
9. Colective rights of workers
10. The Labour Process Law

1. Enforcement title;
2. Other enforceability requirements;
3. Jurisdiction, claimant and defendant;
4. The defendant’s wife / husband;
5. Public database on enforcement proceedings.
6. The enforcement agent;
7. Enforcement first application; first steps in the enforcement proceeding;
8. The defendant’s opposition;
9. .Seizure and means to avoid abuse;
10. Seized assets’ trustee;
11. Seizure effects;
12. Other creditors intervention;
13. Defendant’s insolvency;
14. Enforcement proceedings to obtain public income payment;
15. Sale and creditors’ payment;
16. Sale’s effects; 18. Other means to achieve payment;
17. Enforcement proceedings’ extinction;
18. Enforcement proceedings in what concerns to obligations different from paying a sum of money.

1 – Financial Law and Tax Law
2 – Tax: concepts and classification
3 – Concept of tax, fee and other taxes
4 – Tax dynamics
5 – Tax classification
6 – Sources of Tax Law
7 – Interpretation and Application of Tax Law (Space/Time)
8 – Tax Juridical Relationship
9 – Tax Administration
10 – Administrative tax procedures
11 – Tax enforcement procedure
12 – Tax payers’ rights
13 – Tax arbitration

1 -Tax systems in general
2 – Portuguese tax system
3 – Wealth Taxes
3.1 – IMT
3.2 – IMI
3.3 – IS
4 – Income Taxes
4.1 – IRS

1.1 What is town planning?
1.1.1 Law, cities and town planning
1.2 Urban planning as a social fact, science, policy and technique
2 Urban planning law, spatial planning law and environmental law
Analysing the LBGPPSOTU: between rights and restrictions
II. Land occupation, use and transformation in Portugal
1) Legal rules on land use.
1.1 The legal regime of the National Agricultural Reserve (RAN).
1.2 The legal regime of the National Ecological Reserve (REN)
1.3 The Nature Conservation and Biodiversity regime
1.4. The legal regime of the Natura 2000 Network
1.5. The legal regime for forest areas
1.6. Discipline of the occupation, use and transformation of the coastal strip
1.7 Administrative easements and public utility restrictions
2 The legal framework for land management instruments.
2.1 The LBOTU, the RJIGT and the SGT. 2.2. The new RJIGT

3. the Legal Framework for Urbanisation and Building (RJUE)
   III. Georeferencing

All matters of degree, in particular of Administrative Law, Family Law, Inventory process, Commercial Law, Corporate Law, Tax Law, Civil Procedure Law, and Executive Law, Registries and Notaries.

I. ADR FRAMEWORK

1. The alternative dispute mechanisms
   

II. ADR MECHANISMS

1. Mediation
2. Peace Courts
3. Arbitration

The student can choose any 1st cycle curricular unit.

1. Introduction
2. The subjects and objects of the process
3. Insolvency concept
   4 . The insolvency proceedings
   5 – The insolvency players
4. Claims verification
5. The insolvency effects
   7.1. The personal effects
   7.2. The procedural effects
   7.3. The effects over the contracts
   7.4. The contract resolution in favor of the process
6. The process closing procedures
   8.1. Liquidation
   8.2. Insolvency Plan
   8.3. Payment plan
   8.4. Fresh start
7. The effects of closing the process

PART I – INTRODUCTION

• Reform of enforcement proceedings

PART II – GENERAL PART

• General on the enforcement agent
• Appointments of the enforcement agent
• Skills of the enforcement agent
• Statutory Duties of the enforcement agent
• Incompatibilities of the enforcement agent
• Impediments of the enforcement agent
• Responsibility of the enforcement agent
• Rates

PART III – SPECIAL PART

• PEPEX
• QUOTE
• PAWN
• SALE